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Asia's Most-Visited Tourist Sites
Rob Baedeker January 15, 2009
The most popular attractions in China, Japan and South Korea
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But the thrill rides aren’t limited to amusement parks. At Hong Kong’s most visited attraction, Victoria Peak, nine million-plus annual visitors have a choice of traveling to the 1,811-foot summit by bus or tram. The latter option, according to Hong Kong Tourism Board Publicity and Promotions Manager Lillibeth Bishop, is a “perpendicular funicular” that “feels like a thrill ride when you’re going down.” Bishop adds, “I prefer going up, so my heart doesn’t race as much.”
See our slideshow of Asia's Most-Visted Tourist Attractions.
At the top, she explains, “You can see Victoria Harbour, and all these traditional junks, ocean liners and ships coming through. And the sunset drapes all of the city’s high rises. To me it’s not just a sight, it’s an experience. It makes you think, Life is beautiful after all.”
The popularity of Victoria Peak, high above the bustling metropolis of Hong Kong, points out another possible misconception that Western tourists may bring to the East: “A lot of people think of Hong Kong as only this big city,” Bishop says. “And many people don’t know there is this other side of Hong Kong that they’re missing out if they don’t explore. For example, there are a lot of hiking trails in Hong Kong.”
The popularity of both rural and urban attractions is borne out in the other Asian countries covered in our list. While millions flock to the ancient walled fortress, The Forbidden City, located in the populous capital of Beijing, they also come in droves to the more remote heights of Mount Tai, in China’s coastal Shandong Province. Taishan Temple lies at the foot of the mountain, and some 7,000 stone steps lead to the Azure Clouds Temple at the top. Between six and eight million locals and foreigners visit the sacred mountain annually.
Alan Lew, co-author of Tourism in China and professor in the department of Geography, Planning and Recreation at Northern Arizona University, says visitors to China’s attractions may be growing. Both domestic and international travel is on the rise, he says, with in-country travel at about a billion trips a year and international visitation at approximately 42 million annual trips.
However, Lew adds, the high volume of domestic Chinese travel doesn’t always constitute heavy traffic to the iconic tourist sites known in the west. In the late 1990s, he explains, the government implemented a program called Golden Weeks. “Government employees used to get week-long vacations three times a year, and many Chinese took advantage of those holidays to travel—mostly back to their home villages,” Lew explains.
See our slideshow of Asia's Most-Visted Tourist Attractions.
The boom in travel during these weeks “totally overwhelmed the transportation network,” Lew says. “So now China is going to start doing what most other countries do, spreading the holidays out, and having more three day weekends.”
How this change will affect tourism patterns remains to be seen. And while international visitation to China has steadily increased (especially during the 1990s, Lew says, when the government began opening more and more sites to foreigners), the effects of the recent global economic turmoil on tourism to China have yet to play out.
In Hong Kong, says Lillibeth Bishop, “the economy already is impacting outbound travel to Hong Kong from the U.S.,” its number-one country source for the long-haul market. After steady increases through the middle of this year, Hong Kong Tourism Board’s visitor arrival statistics show a 15.5 percent decline in U.S. arrivals for August 2008 compared with August 2007. “People are hunkering down,” Bishop says.
Naoko Marutani, director of the Japan National Tourist Organization’s (JNTO) Los Angeles Office, also notes that travel to Japan has “been a bit slow given the recent and worldwide economic situation.” But she adds that the number of U.S. travelers to Japan had been increasing since 2004: “Japan has been running its ‘Visit Japan Campaign,’ introducing Japan as a tourist destination to overseas markets (including U.S.A) with a target of 10 million overseas travelers by year 2010.” To date, many of the millions who already travel to Japan seem to favor its myriad theme parks, five of which appear on the Forbes Traveler list. (We’ve excluded religious destinations from our tally: we have a separate annual list for travel to shrines of all faiths.)
So which mountain peak, soaring skyscraper or towering roller coaster draws the most visitors in East Asia? Read our slideshow to find out.
See our slideshow of Asia's Most-Visted Tourist Attractions.
METHODOLOGY
We looked at tourist attractions in the region defined by the United Nations as “Eastern Asia” (China, Hong Kong, Macao, Korea, Japan and Mongolia) and defined “tourist attractions” as discrete sites of historical or cultural interest; natural phenomena and landmarks; and delimited (or officially designated) spaces of entertainment and recreation.
While we've included some sites that have strong commercial components, we've excluded casinos, standalone shopping malls and markets. This leaves off destinations such as Hong Kong’s “Ladies Market,” which, with 6.9 million estimated visitors, would otherwise have made our list.
We've used the most up-to-date available numbers from countries’ tourism boards, the companies or agencies that oversee the attractions themselves, data from reputable media sources, and tourism industry newsletters. In several cases where reputable sources’ estimates differ, we have averaged their figures.
There are some likely candidates that did not make our list due to lack of available data. Mt. Fuji, for example, one of Japan’s most iconic sites, is located within Fuji Hakone Izu National Park, but according to the Japan National Tourist Organization, Japan’s national parks do not track entrances. And while many “visitors” presumably come just to look at Mt. Fuji, only about 232,000 people climbed the mountain during its two-month open season.
We’ve also excluded some areas, such as South Korea’s Jejudo island and the historical town of Pingyao, China, that attract many tourists but whose broad area stretched our definition of tourist attraction as a discrete, delimited site.
See our slideshow of Asia's Most-Visted Tourist Attractions.
